参考文献：

[1]Mason I C, Grimaldi D, Reid K J, et al. Light exposure during sleep impairs cardiometabolic function[J]. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 2022, 119(12): e2113290119.

[2]徐锐. 开灯睡觉危害健康[N]. 中国科学报,2022-03-16(002).DOI:10.28514/nki.nkxsb.2022.000648.

[3]开灯睡觉容易发胖[J].中华中医药学刊,2018,36(09):2097.

[4]关青云,陈耀星.褪黑激素调节糖代谢的研究进展[J]糖尿病杂志,2021,29(07):553-556.

医学编辑：王丽楠

内容策划：Duffy

医学审核：赵民

内容出品：小荷医典

记住：Hit the light千万不要翻译为打灯

Hit the light:

打灯 ×

开灯 √

例句：

寒假不停学，这些中考必备短语祝你中考英语一臂之力2

Unit 2

1ed to do过去常常作某事,表示以往的事实或情况

He used to be tall , didn’t he ?

他过去是很高的，是吗？

2.Over here! = Come over here! 到这边来!过来!

3.play the piano 弹钢琴

4.be interested in 对…感兴趣.

5. be on a team 加入…队

I’m on a swim team.

我加入了游泳队。

6.People sure change.人确实在变

7.be afraid of害怕，畏惧

be afraid of sth /doing sth 害怕…

I used to be afraid of the dark.

我过去很怕黑。

He is afraid of going /to go out alone at night.

他害怕夜晚独自出去。

8.be alone 独自、单独（表状态）

live alone单独住，独居

9 an airplane 坐飞机.

10.go to sleep 入睡、睡着

11. be terrified of 害怕.

be terrified of sb/sth对…感到恐惧,很害怕

12.with the light on开着灯

He often sleeps with the light on.

他经常开灯睡觉。

1. walk to school = go to school on foot 步行去上学

take the bus to school = go to school by bus 乘公共汽车去上学

2. gym class 体操课.

3. worry about. 担心.

4. all the time 一直, 总是

5.these days 如今，现在

6. go right home马上回家 ，直接回家

7. spend time/money (in) doing sth

花时间/钱做某事

辨析:pay; take; cost ; spend

① sb pay for sth支付…的费用

② It takes (sb) time/money to do sth.

③ sth cost (sb) money

④ sb spend time/money on sth /in doing sth

8. chat with 与…闲聊

9. hardly ever 几乎从不

hardly“几乎不”，表示否定含义

类似的词有：never，few，little，nothing，nobody等。

I am so tired that I can hardly do anything.

我太累了几乎什么事情也干不了了。

There is hardly any food left for me.

几乎没有给我剩什么吃的东西。

10.the old days 过去的日子

11. in the last (few years)

“在过去的(几年)里” 用于现在完成时

My life has changed a lot in the last few years.

我的生活在过去的几年里发生了很大改变。

这些中考必备短语祝你中考英语一臂之力

1. cause trouble惹麻烦

2. afford to do sth支付得起…的费用

I can’t afford to see the movie.

我没钱去看电影。

3. as well as“不仅…而且…；既…又…”

His mother looked after him as well as she could.

他的母亲尽可能好好照顾他

Living things need air and light as well as water.

生物不仅需要水,而且还需要空气和阳光。

She helps Tom as well as I.

除了我以外她也帮了汤姆的忙。

4．get into trouble招惹麻烦

get into trouble with sb惹…的麻烦,与…发生纠缠

He often gets into trouble with the police.

他总是与警察发生纠缠。

5．in the end 最后, 终于

6．make a decision 做出决定

7．send …to…把…送到…

8．to one’s surprise 使某人吃惊的是

9．even though=even if“即使”

Even if I have to walk all the way, I’ll get there.

即使我得一路走着去，我也要走到那里。

I like her even though she can be annoying.

尽管有时他很烦人，但是我还是喜欢她。

10．no longer不再，已不

11．take pride in对…感到自豪

He would take pride in everything good I do.

他会自豪我做的所有好事。

12．pay attention to sb注意某人

13．a top student尖子生

14. give up 放弃

15．not …any more

not…anymore 不再

这些中考必备短语祝你中考英语一臂之力

Unit.3

1.语法:被动语态

①构成:主语+be+过去分词+by短语

② He likes music.—– Music is liked by him.

They gave me some flowers. —-I was given some flowers by them .

She makes me go there every day. —-I am made to go there every day by her.

2. be allowed to do sth 被允许干…

I am not allowed to watch TV at home.

我不被允许在家看电视。

allow sb to do sth 允许某人干…

allow doing sth 允许干…

3. go out with their friends 和朋友一块出去

4.sixteen-year-olds = sixteen-year-old boys and girls 16岁的孩子

5.part-time jobs 兼职工作

6.get one’s ears pierced 穿耳孔

get sth +过去分词“使…被…”

You must get your coat washed.

你必须把你的衣服洗了。

I couldn’t get my car started this morning.

今天早晨我无法把汽车发动起来。

7.choose one’s own clothes 选自己的衣服

8. a driver’s license 驾照

9.enough 用法:

enough money/books 用在名词前

old enough 用在形容词副词后

10.seem to 好像

11.on weekends 在周末

12stead of 代替，而不是

辨析:instead (adv.); instead of (prep.)

I won’t go there, I’ll go to the park instead.

我不会去那，我要去公园（instead接句子）

They talk instead of doing homework.

他们说话不做作业。（instead of接短语）

13．at that age 在那个年龄段

14. so do we 我们也一样

（1）So + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(前为肯定)

表示与前面所述事实一致.

Neither/Nor + be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语(前为否定)

表示与前面所述事实一致.

He likes oranges. So do we.

他喜欢橙汁，我们也喜欢。

He doesn’t like oranges. Neither do we.

他不喜欢橙汁，我们也不喜欢。

She went to the cinema yesterday. So did I.

她昨天去了电影院，我也是。

She didn’t go to the cinema yesterday. Neither did I.

她昨天没去电影院，我也没去。

Tom can swim. So can John.

汤姆会游泳，约翰也会。

Tom can’t swim. Neither can John.

汤姆不会游泳，约翰也不会。

（2）So +主语+ be动词/助动词/情态动词

表示对前面事实的进一步确认.

Henry is very tired. So he is.

亨利很累，的确是。

He surfed Internet for two hours. So he did.

他上网两小时了，的确是。

They will win the game. So they will.

他们会赢了这场比赛，他们会的。

15．on school nights 在上学期间的每个晚上

16．by 10:00pm 晚上十点前，by不迟于，常用于将来时的句子中

17. stay up熬夜

He is allowed to stay up until 11:00.

他被允许可以熬至晚上11点。

18.clean up 打扫干净, 收拾整洁

They were all busy cleaning up the ground.

他们忙于扫地。

这些中考必备短语祝你中考英语一臂之力

1.get to class late . 上课迟到

2. fail (in) sth做某事失败

fail (in) a test考试不及格

Do you ever worry that you’ll fail (in) a test?

你担心过考试不及格吗？

pass a test考试及格;

take a test参加考试

3. be strict with 对…要求严格

be strict with+人.

be strict in+事物.

4.the other day前几天,不久以前

5.all my classmates 我所有的同学

6ncentrate on…专注于…

We would concentrate more on our clothes.

我们会更加集中精神到衣服上。

7.辨析:①be good to sb/sth对…好

She is very good to me.

她对我很好。

② be good to do sth做某事好

Why is it good to volunteer?

为什么对志愿者好呢？

③ be good at擅长

she is good at drawing.

她擅长画画。

④ be good for对…有益

Swimming is good for our health.

游泳对健康有好处。

8. be a good way to do 是…的好方法

9. keep +宾语+形容词 “使…保持…状态”

Keep the door closed.

让门一直关着。

10.both;neither用法:（两者都；两者都不）

Both answers are right.—Neither answer is right.

Both of the answers are right.—Neither of the answers is right.

11. It’s a good idea for sb. to do是…的好主意

12. in groups 成群的,按组的

13.get noisy 吵闹

14. learn from 向某人学习

15.at present现在,目前

At present, the holidays are too short.

现在，假期太短了。

16. have an opportunity to do sth 有做…的机会

17. be a good/great experience for sb. 对…来说是一次很好的经历

18. English-English dictionary 英英词典

19. at least 至少

20. eight hours’ sleep a night 每晚8小时的睡眠

21. an old people’s home 敬老院

22. perform a play for sb为…表演节目

23. primary schools 小学

24. newspaper office报社

25. be sleepy 困倦

26. after a long week of classes 上完一周课之后

27. have…off 放假,休息

28. reply to 回答,答复

这些中考必备短语祝你中考英语一臂之力

1.get in the way of妨碍

2 a professional athlete 职业运动员

3.achieve one’s dreams实现某人的梦想

4. have nothing against doing sth不反对…

5. think about 思考,考虑

6. in the end 最后,终于

7.make a decision 做决定

Should I be allowed to make my own decisions?

我应该被允许自己做决定吗？

8.be serious about对…感兴趣的/是认真的.

I’m serious about running.

我对跑步是认真的。

9. spend…on + n.

spend …(in) + v-ing 在…上花费时间/金钱

10e about关心,留心,重视

I know that my father cares about me.

我知道父亲关心我。

原创/安颖/北京市西城区英语教师，欢迎关注我的微信公众号teacheray，一起交流英语学习。

如果觉得我的文章能够帮到您的话，点击关注，阅读更多初中英语学习方面的精美文章。当然，我即将出版的新书初中英语自诊断中有针对初中英语常考高频500词的详尽解析，并有针对完型阅读配套视频讲解近800个，扫描题目下方二维码即可观看视频，欢迎关注我的微信公众号咨询。