重点词语：that 的用法解析

杨颖

That 在英语中是一个相当活跃的词，用法非常丰富，小编为大家总结如下：

一，that 用作指示代词 that 用作指示代词， this 相对， 跟 分别表示远指和近指， 它们的复数形式分别为 those 和 these.

Eg. This is a pen and that is a pencil. These are some pens and those are some pencils.

尤其要注意的是 this 要指代后面要讲的事，而 that 则指代前面已提到的事情。

Eg. What he told me is this: he wanted to go to Beijing University. He didn’t attend the meeting . That is because he was ill.

That 和 those 还常用于表示对比的句子中指代比较对象。That 指代不可数名词和单数名词， those 则指代复数名词。

Eg. The population of china is larger than that of Japan. These machines are better than those we produced last year.

二，that 引导定语从句 that 引导定语从句，既可指代人，也可指代物，在定语从句中充当主语，表语，或宾语，作 主语时不可以省略。

Eg. The man that is talking with our headmaster is my father. The book that my father gave me as a birthday gift is gone. The city is no longer the one that it used to be.

特别注意以下几种情况只能用 that 作引导词：

1． 当先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词以及 both,all,every, no,any,little,much,some,very,the only 等词修饰时。

Eg. This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen. This is the last lesson that we have this term. And then I watched all the glasses that wre on the table fell off onto the floor.

2. 当先行词为 all,everything,nothing,anything,little,much 等不定代词时。

Eg. Everything that should be done has been done.

3. 当先行词中既有人又有物时。 Eg. They talked about the things and persons that they could remember at school.

4. 当主句是以 who 或 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。 Eg. Who is the woman that is wearing a red coat.

5. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Eg. Tom is no longer the person that he used to be.

还要注意以下两种情况中不能用 that. 1. 非限制性定语从句中用 which,不用 that Eg. He came late again, which made his teacher angry. 2. 介词后的关系代词用 which, 不用 that Eg. This is the book for which I paid twenty dollars.

三，that 引导的名词性从句

That 作为连接词可引导主语、表语、宾语以及同位语从句，其特征为：无实义，不充当句 子成分，引导主语从句时不可以省略。

Eg. That he came late made me angry. (主语从句)

I think that you’’ll have a bright future.（宾语从句）

The trouble is that we can’’t collect enough money.（表语从句）

The news that he had won the first prize made us very happy.（同位语从句）

特别注意它引导的定语从句和同位语从句的区别：

1． That 引导定语从句是可充当主语、宾语或表语，而引导同位语从句时不充当句子成分。 2． 定语从句对前面的名词起修饰限定的作用，而同位语从句则说明该名词的具体内容，起 解释说明的作用。 Eg. The suggestion that she made is of great value.她提出的那个建议是很重要的。 The suggestion that he should not go there is of great value.他不应该去那儿的这条建议很重要。

刘亦菲

四，that 用在强调句中

有时候，为了强调句子中的某个成分，常用强调句式：it+be+被强调部分+that+句子的其他 部分。 Eg. It is I that am to blame.(此句中为了强调主语 I， 将其放到了被强调位置， 句子的其他部分 则放到了 that 的后面)。 这个结构可用来强调除谓语以外的其他句子成分如主语、宾语、表语、状语等。

Eg. I met him in the street yesterday. It is I that/who met him in the street yesterday.（强调主语） It is him that/whom I met in the street yesterday. （强调宾语）

It is in the street that I met him yesterday. （强调地点状语）

It is yesterday that I met him in the street. （强调时间状语）

注意：

1． 强调部分表示人的时候，可用 who 或 whom 来代替 that.

2． 强调含有 not……until 结构的句子时，要用 it+be+not until+that 结构，that 后的句 子必须为肯定句,且用陈述语序。 Eg. He didn’t return to his hometown until after liberation.

It was not until after liberation that he returned to is hometown.他是解放后才回 到家乡的。

3． 判断一个句子是否是强调句的方法：将句子结构 it be ……that 去掉，如果剩余部分仍 为一个完整地的句子，则该句为强调句；否则，该句是 it 作形式主语的主语从句句型。 Eg. It is true that he once went to Canada.(it is ……that 不可去，否则该句不成立， 说明此句为主语从句句型) It is on December 11,2001 that China became a member of WTO.(去掉 It was ……that， 原句依然成立，此句为强调句)

4． 与 that /who 引导的定语从句的区别。仔细分析 that /who 在句中的作用，如果它们可 有可无，则为强调句，否则为定语从句。 Eg. It was in the lab that was set up by Mr. Smith that they finished the experiment.(第一个 that 在句中作主语，不可省略，该句为定语从句；第二个 that 在句中 不作任何成分，该句为强调句) 是在史米斯先生建立的实验室，他们完成了实验。

五， that 用作程度副词，其含义相当于 so, 在课文中也经常出现。 Eg. I can’t run that much。= I can’t run so much.

Though we don’t earn that much money.= Though we don’t earn so much money.

I was that scared I didn't know what to do.

我非常害怕，以至不知如何是好。

I would have walked out, I was that angry...

我差点中途退席，我太生气了。

六、用于“it+系动词+形容词”结构之后，表示评论：

It's interesting that you like him...

你喜欢他，这真有意思。

七、that's that（表示决定不能更改）就是这样，就这样定了：

Well I'm not going, and that's that.

好啦，我不去，就这么定了。

八、that's it（表示某人正确或做得对）就是这样，正是如此，对啦；（表示已完成或再也没有可做的了）好了，就这样吧；（表示不再接受）行了，够了；（表示理由）就是这个问题，就是这么回事。

That's it, carry on!

对啦！继续！

That's it, the fire's out now.

好了，现在火灭了。

That's it, I've had enough!

够了，我受够了！

So that's it─the fuse had gone.

问题就出在这里，保险丝烧断了。

You don't love me any more, is that it?

你不再爱我啦，是不是这样？

“That's OK.”居然是“不同意”！容易会错意的英语表达学起来

What's it to you?

这句话一开始听起来很奇怪，有些让人摸不着头脑，别会错意，这句话不是在问“它给了你什么？”，而是“你为什么在乎它？”，那么言外之意就是“关你什么事？”，对方的语气如果很强硬的时候那你就乖乖闭嘴不要再追问了。

"Didn't you call Mary today?"

“你今天没有打电话给玛丽吗？”

"What's it to you?"

“关你什么事？”

其实，这样的说法不是很礼貌，尤其当语气强硬的时候，所以不要随意使用哦！

Why bother?

外国人喜欢开party人尽皆知，当你想开一个派对为朋友庆祝生日的时候，如果TA用"why bother"回答你，那么就表示TA其实不想要举办这个派对。这里，"why bother"表达的是“不用麻烦了”的意思。

"Why bother? I don't have that much time."

“不用麻烦了，我没有那么多时间。”

"why bother"是一个较为礼貌的说法，表面上是怕麻烦别人，但实际上是自己不想这么做。一些平时听起来很正常的句子，其意思都有可能在特定的情况下发生相应的转变哦！

That's OK.

如果老外问:“Do you want some drink？” 你想要饮料吗？

你如果回答：“That's ok.” 你是等不来饮料的！

原来，“That's ok.”并不是‘好啊！’而是，‘不用了，谢谢！’

当你说， "That's OK." 就表示 "I'm fine." 我很好，你不用操心的意思，言下之意就是你不用麻烦了。所以下次要回答OK, 而不是That's OK.