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「小学英语」人教版PEP四年级下册Unit3 单词表听力

人教版PEP四年级下册Unit3 单词表听力

cold 冷的

cool 凉的

warm 温暖的

hot 热的

sunny 阳光充足的

windy 多风的

cloudy 多云的

snowy 下雪的

rainy 阴雨的

outside 在户外

be careful 小心

weather 天气

New York 纽约

how about ... 怎么样?

degree 度

world 世界

London 伦敦

Moscow 莫斯科

Singapore 新加坡城

Sydney 悉尼

fly 放(风筝)

love 爱你的

英语单词的后缀

有关英语单词的后缀(suffix)

后缀是一个字母或一组字母,附加在一个单词的末尾,以形成一个新词或改变单词的语能(或词性)。例如,通过添加后缀-er,动词read变成了名词reader。类似地,通过添加后缀-able, read变成了形容词readable。

Understanding Suffix Meanings

了解常见后缀的意思可以帮助你理解你遇到的新单词的意思。在某些情况下,添加后缀后,根或基词的拼写会发生变化。例如,在以y结尾且前面有辅音的单词中(如名词beauty和形容词ugly),当添加后缀时(如形容词beautiful和名词ugliness), y可能会变成i。在以不发音的-e结尾的单词中(如use和adore),当添加的后缀以元音开头时,末尾的-e

和所有的拼写规则一样,也有例外。并非所有后缀都可以添加到所有根。例如,形容词beautiful是在名词beauty后面加后缀-ful,而名词ugliness是在形容词ugly后面加后缀-ness。

还要注意后缀可能有不止一个意思。例如,在形容词和副词中,-er后缀通常表示比较级含义(如形容词kinder和longer)。但在某些情况下,以-er结尾的词也可以指做特定动作的人(如dancer 或 builder)或住在特定地方的人(New Yorker 或a Dubliner)。

Common Suffixes in English

想想下面的26个常见后缀作为单词含义的线索,然而,请记住,单词的含义最好是通过研究它们使用的上下文和单词本身的结构来确定的。

名词后缀:

Suffix

Meaning

Example

-acy

state or quality

privacy, fallacy, delicacy

-al

act or process of

refusal, recital, rebuttal

-ance, -ence

state or quality of

maintenance, eminence, assurance

-dom

place or state of being

, kingdom, boredom

-er, -or

one who

trainer, protector, narrator

-ism

doctrine, belief

communism, narcissism, skepticism

-ist

one who

chemist, narcissist, plagiarist

-ity, -ty

quality of

inactivity, veracity, parity, serenity

-ment

condition of

argument, endorsement, punishment

-ness

state of being

heaviness, sadness, rudeness, testiness

-ship

position held

fellowship, ownership, kinship, internship

-sion, -tion

state of being

concession, transition, abbreviation

动词后缀:

Suffix

Meaning

Example

-ate

become

regulate, eradicate, enunciate, repudiate

-en

become

enlighten, awaken, strengthen

-ify, -fy

make or become

terrify, satisfy, rectify, exemplify

-ize, -ise*

become

civilize, humanize, socialize, valorize

形容词后缀:

Suffix

Meaning

Example

-able, -ible

capable of being

edible, presentable, abominable, credible

-al

pertaining to

regional, grammatical, emotional, coastal

-esque

reminiscent of

picturesque, statuesque, burlesque

-ful

notable for

fanciful, resentful, woeful, doubtful

-ic, -ical

pertaining to

musical, mythic, domestic, chiastic

-ious, -ous

characterized by

nutritious, portentous, studious

-ish

having the quality of

fiendish, childish, snobbish

-ive

having the nature of

creative, punitive, divisive, decisive

-less

without

endless, ageless, lawless, effortless

-y

characterized by

sleazy, hasty, greasy, nerdy, smelly

在美式英语中,动词以-ize结尾,而在英式英语中,拼写改为-ise。

American English: finalize, realize, emphasize, standardizeBritish English: finalise, realise, emphasise, standardise
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