小学英语单词打卡（四下A）

#头条抄书打卡# 第113天

小学必背英语单词及例句

四年级下 Aa

a glass of 一杯 I have a glass of watermelon juice. 我有一杯西瓜汁。

a pair of 一双 I want a pair of sneakers. 我想要一双胶底帆布鞋。

after 在......之后 I usually visit him in the morning after breakfast. 我通常在上午早饭后去看望他。

also 也 She is also my friend. 她也是我的朋友。

The Sun Also Rises 太阳照样升起

at night 夜间 The moon comes out at night. 月亮晚上就出来了。

at noon 在中午 At noon the sun is high in the sky. 中午太阳高高挂在空中。

at weekends 在周末 Do you go to the park at weekends？ 你周末去公园吗？

at home 在家 Are you at home？ 你在家吗？

angry 生气的 He is angry. 他生气了。

armchair 扶手椅 There are four armchairs. 那里有四把扶手椅。

art 美术，艺术 I like chinese and art. 我喜欢语文和美术。

art room 美术教室 Where is the art room？ 美术教室在哪里？

amusement park 游乐园 Shall we go to the amusement park？我们去游乐园好吗？

assistant 售货员 She is an assistant. 她是一名售货员。

单词联想access abscess

access

英/ˈækses/美/ˈækses/

n. 入口，通道；获得的机会，使用权；（对计算机存储器的）访问，存取；（情感）爆发，发作；探视权

v. 接近，进入；获取，访问（计算机信息）

adj. <美>（电视节目或时间等）对外公开的

词源

access途径

发音释义：['ækses] vt. 使用；存取；接近n. 进入；使用权；通路 结构分析：access = ac（=ad，去）+cess（=cede，移动）→接近→途径。 词源解释：cess = cede ←拉丁语cedere（移动） 同源词：accede（同意），accessible（可进入的）

Does the hotel have wheelchair access ?

这家旅馆有轮椅通道吗？

She had unhindered access to the files.

她可任意使用档案。

abscess

英/ˈæbses/美/ˈæbses/

n. 脓肿；脓疮

vi. 形成脓肿

词源

abscess（脓肿）：体内毒素随脓汁排出

英语单词abscess（脓肿）由abs+cess构成，其中abs=away，cess是词根cede的变体，是go的意思，如access（进入）、recede（后退）、precede（领先）。所以单词abscess的字面意思就是go away（走开）。那么，go away跟“脓肿”有什么关系呢？原来，古代希腊人认为，脓肿是身体在排毒，体内的毒素等不好的体液将以脓汁的形式排出体外。因此，古代希腊人用希腊语apostema来表示脓肿，其字面含义就是go away。古罗马人继承了古希腊人的思想，将apostema翻译为拉丁语abscessus。英语单词abscess就来源于拉丁语abscessus。 abscess：['æbsɪs; -ses]n.脓肿，脓疮vi.形成脓肿

abscess脓肿

前缀abs-为ab-在字母c，t开头词根前变体。词根cess，走，见access,进入。指走出来的，代指脓肿。

abscess脓肿；脓疮

前缀abs-即前缀ab-“远离”，当ab-后接字母-c-或-t-时，可能变化为abs-；词根cess指“走”；字面义为“走开，离开”；古希腊人认为，人体内有害的体液会从脓疮出排出，所以这里的“走开，离开”的就是“有害的体液”；同根词如access（进入；入口）等

I got an abscess so he took the tooth out.

我牙龈脓肿，所以他把那颗牙齿拔掉了。

You have a gum abscess (periodontal abscess).

你有牙龈脓肿(牙周脓肿)。

periodontal

英/ˌperiəˈdɒntl/美/ˌperiəˈdɑːntl/

adj. 齿根膜的，牙周的

高考重要考点：give构成的重要短语

1.give away

①赠送，捐赠，分发（奖品等）

On winter days, Mr. Greenberg gave away gloves to the poor people. 在冬天，格林伯格先生把手套送给穷人。

He gave away many bikes to the children who don’t have bikes. 他把许多自行车捐赠给了那些没有自行车的孩子。

②失去，丧失，错失（优势等）

He was very sad to give away a silly goal.愚蠢的白送了对方一分，他很伤心。

Would they give away their chance to win the game? 他们会放弃赢得比赛的机会吗?（2011江苏卷）

③泄露（秘密）

I will never give your secret away again. 我再也不会泄露你的秘密了。（北师大版第6册）

2.give out

①分发（同义词hand out）

He often helps me to give out the newspapers. 他经常帮我分发报纸。

②发出（光，热量，气体，噪音，尖叫，信号等）（同义词give out）

The lamp gave out a harsh light. 灯发出刺眼的光。

He gave out a scream of pain. 他发出一声痛苦的尖叫。

③筋疲力尽，耗尽，用光

His patience gave out long ago. 他的耐心早就耗尽了。

He fought until his strength gave out. 他一直战斗到体力耗尽为止。

3.give off发出（光，气味，热等），放出（同义词give out）

The food on the table gave off a seductive smell.餐桌上的饭菜发出诱人的气味。

The moist land gave off the fragrance of fresh earth. 潮湿的土地散发着新鲜泥土的芳香。

4.give in

①上交（作业，试卷等）（同义词hand in）

Please give in your notebook after class. 课后请把笔记本交上来。

②屈服，让步，投降

They argued with reason, and neither wanted to give in. 他们据理力争，谁也不愿让步。

They will never give in to the enemy. 他们决不向敌人屈服。

5.give up

①放弃，辞去

He never gave up the hope of finding his lost son. 他从未放弃找到走失儿子的希望。

Mary had to give up her job after marriage. 玛丽结婚后不得不辞去工作。

②献出，献身于

He gave up his life while saving a drowned boy. 他在救一个溺水的男孩时献出了自己的生命。

6.give over交出，移交（同义词hand over，turn over）

Mr. Smiths gave his business over to his son. 史密斯先生把生意移交给了儿子。

apply for和 apply to的用法区别

apply for和 apply to都有“申请”的意思，那么二者之间有什么区别呢？

1ly for

（通常以书面形式）后面跟的是希望获得的事物,就是你想要什么东西就申请的那东西，即目标。

例如工作（job, work）

职务（post, position）

奖金（reward）

签证(visa)

国籍(citizenship)等

apply for a job/passport/grant

申请工作 / 护照 / 拨款

例句：

I am applying for a job as a clerk.

我正在申请一个做职员的工作。

I am continuing to apply for jobs.

我正在继续找工作。

What's the form when you apply for a research grant?

申请科研补助金按常规应该怎么办？

You can apply for citizenship after five years' residency.

居住五年后可申请公民资格。

The country applied for full membership of the European Union.

这个国家申请成为欧洲联盟的正式成员。

They had entered the country and had applied for permanent residence.

他们已经入境该国，并申请了永久居留权。

He applied for British residency.

他申请了在英国的居住权。

I applied for the post more in hope than expectation.

我申请这个职位是希望多于期待。

On their advice I applied for the job.

我听从他们的建议申请了这份工作。

If I had seen the advertisement in time I would have applied for the job.

我要是及时看到了这则广告，我就应聘那份工作了。

Despite applying for hundreds of jobs, he is still out of work.

尽管他申请了数百个工作，但仍然在失业中。

He confided to me that he had applied for another job.

他向我透露他已申请另一份工作。

Was any check made on Mr Morris when he applied for the post?

莫里斯先生申请这个职位时对他进行调查了吗？

Even worse, Meucci never applied for a patenton his invention.

更糟糕的是，穆奇从未为他的发明申请过专利。

They applied for a home improvement loan.

他们申请了房屋修缮贷款。

A large number of people have applied for the job.

许多人申请了这工作。

Applying for jobs can be a long and painful process.

求职可能是一个漫长而又艰难的历程。

She'd applied for 30 jobs at the last count.

根据有关的最新消息她申请过30个职位。

She had applied for deferred admission to college.

她已申请延期入学。

She applied for associate membership last year.

她去年申请成为准会员。

He applied for asylum in 1987 after fleeing the police back home.

1987年他在本国逃脱警察追捕后，就申请了政治庇护。

A research fellowship came up at Girton and I applied for it and got it.

格顿学院设立了一项研究奖学金，我提出申请并且成功获得。

About 100 persons have applied for the appointment.

约有100人申请这一职务。

2ly to

apply to后面跟的是要申请的机构组织等

例如大学（university, college）

apply to a company/university

向公司 / 大学申请

例句：

How many universities have you applied to?

你向几所大学提出了申请?

The college he applied to has accepted him.

他申请的那所学院录取了他。

She only applied to one university and was accepted.

她只向一所大学提出申请并被录取了。

They applied to the government for financial help.

他们请求政府资助。

They applied to other medical institutions for assistance.

他们向其他医疗机构求援。

Typically, parents apply to several schools and settle, if need be, for their fourth or fifth choice

通常父母会申请几个学校，而且如果必要的话会将就接受第四或第五个选择。

If you wish to join the club, you should apply to the Secretary in the first instance.

如果你希望加入俱乐部，首先应向秘书提出申请。

He has applied to join the army.（不定式）

他已报名参军。

apply oneself to sth 使（自己）全神贯注于；使（注意力等）集中于

Faulks has applied himself to this task with considerable energy...

福克斯为这项任务倾注了大量精力。

She applied herself to her new duties with great enthusiasm.

她满腔热情地投入她的新任务中。

真题解析

【真题1】We have ________ to the government for a home improvement loan.

A. arranged

B. approached

C. applied

D. appointed

『正确答案』C

『答案解析』句意：我们必须向政府申请一笔家装贷款。

【真题2】After 15 years in the United States, he has finally decided to_____ American citizenship.

A. concentrate on

B. apply for

C. look out for

D. appeal on

『正确答案』B

『答案解析』句意：在美国居住15年后，他决定申请美国公民身份。