阿里云Kubernetes服务上使用Tekton完成应用发布初体验

Tekton 是一个功能强大且灵活的 Kubernetes 原生开源框架，用于创建持续集成和交付（CI/CD）系统。通过抽象底层实现细节，用户可以跨多云平台和本地系统进行构建、测试和部署。

本文是基于阿里云Kubernetes服务部署Tekton Pipeline，并使用它完成源码拉取、应用打包、镜像推送和应用部署的实践过程。

Tekton Pipeline中有5类对象,核心理念是通过定义yaml定义构建过程.构建任务的状态存放在status字段中。

其中5类对象分别是：PipelineResouce、Task、TaskRun、Pipeline、PipelineRun。

Task是单个任务的构建过程,需要通过定义TaskRun任务去运行Task。

Pipeline包含多个Task,并在此基础上定义input和output,input和output以PipelineResource作为交付。

PipelineResource是可用于input和output的对象集合。

同样地,需要定义PipelineRun才会运行Pipeline。

kubectl apply --filename https://storage.googleapis/tekton-releases/latest/release.yaml

查看Tekton Pipelines组件是否运行正常：

$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines get poNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEtekton-pipelines-controller-6bcd7ff5d6-vzmrh 1/1 Running 0 25htekton-pipelines-webhook-6856cf9c47-l6nj6 1/1 Running 0 25h2. 创建Git Resource， Registry Resource

编辑 git-pipeline-resource.yaml :

apiVersion: tekton/v1alpha1kind: PipelineResourcemetadata: name: git-pipeline-resourcespec: type: git params: - name: revision value: tekton - name: url value: https://code.aliyun/haoshuwei/jenkins-demo.git

git repo的分支名称为 tekton 。

编辑 registry-pipeline-resource.yaml :

apiVersion: tekton/v1alpha1kind: PipelineResourcemetadata: name: registry-pipeline-resourcespec: type: image params: - name: url value: registry-hangzhou.aliyuncs/haoshuwei/tekton-demo

容器镜像仓库地址为 registry-hangzhou.aliyuncs/haoshuwei/tekton-demo， 标签为 latest

创建pipeline resource：

$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines create -f git-pipeline-resource.yaml$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines create -f registry-pipeline-resource.yaml

查看已创建的pipeline resource资源：

$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines get PipelineResourceNAME AGEgit-pipeline-resource 2hregistry-pipeline-resource 2h3. 创建Git Repo/Docker Registry Authentication

拉取私有git源码项目需要配置使用Git Repo Authentication；拉取和推送docker镜像需要配置Docker Registry Authentication。在Tekton Pipeline中，Git Repo/Docker Registry Authentication会被定义成ServiceAccount来使用。

编辑 secret tekton-basic-user-pass-git.yaml :

apiVersion: v1kind: Secretmetadata: name: tekton-basic-user-pass-git annotations: tekton/git-0: https://code.aliyuntype: kubernetes.io/basic-authstringData: username: <cleartext non-encoded> password: <cleartext non-encoded>

编辑 secret tekton-basic-user-pass-registry.yaml :

apiVersion: v1kind: Secretmetadata: name: tekton-basic-user-pass-registry annotations: tekton/docker-0: https://registry-hangzhou.aliyuncstype: kubernetes.io/basic-authstringData: username: <cleartext non-encoded> password: <cleartext non-encoded>

编辑 serviceaccount tekton-git-and-registry.yaml :

apiVersion: v1kind: ServiceAccountmetadata: name: tekton-git-and-registrysecrets: - name: tekton-basic-user-pass-git - name: tekton-basic-user-pass-registry

创建serviceaccount：

$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines create -f tekton-basic-user-pass-git.yaml$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines create -f tekton-basic-user-pass-registry.yaml$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines create -f tekton-git-and-registry.yaml

查看secret以及sa：

$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines get secretNAME TYPE DATA AGEdefault-token-pwncj kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 25htekton-basic-user-pass-git kubernetes.io/basic-auth 2 151mtekton-basic-user-pass-registry kubernetes.io/basic-auth 2 151mtekton-git-and-registry-token-tr95m kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 151mtekton-pipelines-controller-token-lc2fv kubernetes.io/service-account-token 3 25h webhook-certs Opaque 3 25h$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines get saNAME SECRETS AGEdefault 1 25htekton-git-and-registry 3 152mtekton-pipelines-controller 1 25h4. 配置serviceaccount tekton-git-and-registry获取命名空间tekton-pipelines的管理权限用于部署应用

创建ClusterRoleBinding tekton-cluster-admin :

apiVersion: rbac.authorization.k8s.io/v1kind: ClusterRoleBindingmetadata: name: tekton-cluster-adminsubjects: - kind: ServiceAccount name: tekton-git-and-registry namespace: tekton-pipelinesroleRef: kind: ClusterRole name: cluster-admin apiGroup: rbac.authorization.k8s.io5. 创建一个Task

创建task build-app.yaml :

apiVersion: tekton/v1alpha1kind: Taskmetadata: name: build-appspec: inputs: resources: - name: java-demo type: git params: - name: pathToDockerFile description: The path to the dockerfile to build default: /workspace/java-demo/Dockerfile - name: pathToContext description: The build context used by Kaniko default: /workspace/java-dem - name: pathToYaml description: The path to teh manifest to apply outputs: resources: - name: builtImage type: image steps: - name: build-mvn-package image: registry-beijing.aliyuncs/acs-sample/jenkins-slave-maven:3.3.9-jdk-8-alpine workingDir: /workspace/java-demo command: - mvn args: - package - -B - -DskipTests - name: build-docker-image image: registry-beijing.aliyuncs/acs-sample/jenkins-slave-kaniko:0.6.0 command: - kaniko args: - --dockerfile=${inputs.params.pathToDockerFile} - --destination=${outputs.resources.builtImage.url} - --context=${inputs.params.pathToContext} - name: deploy-app image: registry-beijing.aliyuncs/acs-sample/jenkins-slave-kubectl:1.11.5 command: - kubectl args: - apply - -f - ${inputs.params.pathToYaml}6. 创建TaskRun运行任务

创建taskrun build-app-task-run.yaml :

apiVersion: tekton/v1alpha1kind: TaskRunmetadata: name: build-app-task-runspec: serviceAccount: tekton-git-and-registry taskRef: name: build-app trigger: type: manual inputs: resources: - name: java-demo resourceRef: name: git-pipeline-resource params: - name: pathToDockerFile value: Dockerfile - name: pathToContext value: /workspace/java-demo - name: pathToYaml value: /workspace/java-demo/deployment.yaml outputs: resources: - name: builtImage resourceRef: name: registry-pipeline-resource7. 查看构建状态以及日志

查看taskrun状态：

$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines get taskrunNAME SUCCEEDED REASON STARTTIME COMPLETIONTIMEbuild-app-task-run Unknown Pending 4s

查看构建日志：

$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines get poNAME READY STATUS RESTARTS AGEbuild-app-task-run-pod-b8f890 3/5 Running 0 75stekton-pipelines-controller-6bcd7ff5d6-vzmrh 1/1 Running 0 25htekton-pipelines-webhook-6856cf9c47-l6nj6 1/1 Running 0 25h$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines logs -f build-app-task-run-pod-b8f890Error from server (BadRequest): a container name must be specified for pod build-app-task-run-pod-b8f890, choose one of: [build-step-git-source-git-pipeline-resource-77l5v build-step-build-mvn-package build-step-build-docker-image build-step-deploy-app nop] or one of the init containers: [build-step-credential-initializer-8dsnm build-step-place-tools]

mvn build的日志:

$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines logs -f build-app-task-run-pod-b8f890 -c build-step-build-mvn-package[INFO] Scanning for projects...[INFO][INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] Building jenkins-demo-web 1.0.0-SNAPSHOT[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] Downloading: /d/file/gt/2023-09/3td4xomdigp.pom[INFO] Downloaded: /d/file/gt/2023-09/3td4xomdigp.pom (8 KB at 7.3 KB/sec)[INFO] Downloading: /d/file/gt/2023-09/nqixo4xkjdt.pom[INFO] Downloaded: /d/file/gt/2023-09/nqixo4xkjdt.pom (9 KB at 26.7 KB/sec)[INFO] Downloading: /d/file/gt/2023-09/zz5kvwc4ga2.pom[INFO] Downloaded: /d/file/gt/2023-09/zz5kvwc4ga2.pom (30 KB at 61.3 KB/sec)[INFO] Downloading: /d/file/gt/2023-09/skuq20ox1rw.pom[INFO] Downloaded: /d/file/gt/2023-09/skuq20ox1rw.pom (15 KB at 45.3 KB/sec)....

docker build的日志：

$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines logs -f build-app-task-run-pod-b8f890 -c build-step-build-docker-imageINFO[0000] Downloading base image tomcat2019/05/06 11:58:46 No matching credentials were found, falling back on anonymousINFO[0003] Taking snapshot of full filesystem...INFO[0003] Skipping paths under /builder/home, as it is a whitelisted directoryINFO[0003] Skipping paths under /builder/tools, as it is a whitelisted directoryINFO[0003] Skipping paths under /dev, as it is a whitelisted directoryINFO[0003] Skipping paths under /kaniko, as it is a whitelisted directoryINFO[0003] Skipping paths under /proc, as it is a whitelisted directoryINFO[0003] Skipping paths under /run/secrets/kubernetes.io/serviceaccount, as it is a whitelisted directoryINFO[0003] Skipping paths under /sys, as it is a whitelisted directoryINFO[0003] Skipping paths under /var/run, as it is a whitelisted directoryINFO[0003] Skipping paths under /workspace, as it is a whitelisted directoryINFO[0003] Using files from context: [/workspace/java-demo/target/demo.war]INFO[0003] ADD target/demo.war /usr/local/tomcat/webapps/demo.warINFO[0003] Taking snapshot of files......

app-deploy的日志：

$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines logs -f build-app-task-run-pod-637855 -c build-step-deploy-appdeployment.extensions/jenkins-java-demo createdservice/jenkins-java-demo created

taskrun的完成状态为True则构建部署过程完成：

$ kubectl -n tekton-pipelines get taskrunNAME SUCCEEDED REASON STARTTIME COMPLETIONTIMEbuild-app-task-run True 4m 2m8. 小结

Tekton Pipeline中任务模板可以拿来复用，而不需要重复定义，另外通过CRD重新定义CI/CD是一大亮点,初学者可能会觉得有些绕。

持续实验持续更新中。

作者：流生